Diagnosis in veterinary and food control as well as antibiotic therapy and mycotoxins

Veterinary medicine – what is it and why is it so important?

Drugsiness is the ability of bacteria or other pathogens to respond to a specific antimicrobial. This is the degree to which a given microorganism is sensitive or resistant to a specific antibiotic.

Veterinary examination examination allows you to choose the most effective method of treating animals – using the right drug. It is tested by performing the so -called Antibiogram. For this purpose, biological material from the animal is taken, then the sample is transferred to a special breeding ground, where bacteria multiply in laboratory conditions.

Then, paper discs soaked in various antibiotics are used or other standardized methods that determine the sensitivity of bacteria to individual drugs. It is assessed to what extent the bacterium is susceptible to the antibiotic. Thanks to this, a veterinarian can implement a preparation therapy that actually fights the cause of infection and does not leave pathogens in the animal’s body. If the treatment of the pig is preceded by such a procedure:

• The herd’s disease time may be shorter;

• the risk of pathogens spreads;

• The risk of bacterial resistance is reduced (it is a growing threat to both people and animals).

Drugs and antibiotic therapy of pigs, poultry and cows

Poultry, pigs and cattle bred on a large scale and in different conditions can be exposed to many pathogenic factors that cause infections. However, antibiotic therapy is one of the most commonly used methods of fighting bacterial diseases in breeding animals.

However, the effectiveness of such therapy depends largely on the correct identification of bacteria and determination to which the antibiotic reacts best. Inadequately planned treatment, without prior checking, can lead to the development of antibiotic -resistant bacteria strains.

Antibiotics in meat – what are they forbidden?

Currently, the executive regulation of the Commission (EU) 2022/1255 of 19 July 2022 is in force determining antimicrobials or a group of antimicrobials reserved for the treatment of certain infections in humans in accordance with the Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council (EU) 2019/6.

According to it, reserved for the treatment of infections only in humans there are, among others Antibiotics-carboxypeticine, ureidopenicine, ceftobiprol, ceftaroline, cephalosporin combinations with beta-lactamaz inhibitors, siderophory cephalosporins, carbapenems, penems, monobacies, phosphonic acid derivatives, glycopeptides, lipopepptics Oxazolinons, fidaksomycin, plasomycin, glycylcyclines, erawacyklin, and omadacyclin.

The text of the regulation is clearly indicated that:

“The use of veterinary medicinal products containing antimicrobials or antimicrobials groups listed in this regulation should not be possible in the therapeutic feed.

Antibiotics in feed – can they be given to animals in this way?

In the past, antibiotics were used as so -called growth stimulators. They were added to the feed at low doses so that the animals gain weight faster and were less susceptible to infections. This practice has contributed to the growing problem of bacterial resistance to medicine.

Currently, antibacterial substances, including antibiotics and sulfonamides, can be administered only in the form of medicinal feed. It is as defined Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2019/4 of December 11, 2018. Feed ready for direct feeding of animals without further processing consisting of a homogeneous mixture of at least one veterinary medicinal product or semi -finished product and feed materials, or feed mixtures.

Among antibacterial substances allowed for animal food use include tetracyclines, sulfonamides, pleuromutins, macrolynes, linkosamides, β-lactamas.

Identification of antibiotics in food – how is it carried out?

To find that meat and animal products do not contain dangerous residues of antibiotics, many laboratory inspections are carried out, the purpose of which is to detect even trace amounts of drugs that could pose a threat to people. (Argenta.com.pl)